Journal: Particle and Fibre Toxicology

Article Title: Sleep disruption from inhalation of biomass smoke: a basis for coincident hypertension?

doi: 10.1186/s12989-025-00650-9

Figure Lengend Snippet: Exposure and Monitoring Protocol. Rats were implanted with a telemetry device capable of simultaneously monitoring the electroencephalogram, aortic blood pressure, activity and core body temperature. Sleep, blood pressure, activity, and core body temperature were recorded in male and female Sprague Dawley rats prior to (8 h; 11:00 AM to 7:00 PM), during (1 h; ~9:30 AM to 10:30 AM), and after (8 h; 11:00 AM to 7:00 PM) a single 1-hour exposure to filtered air or eucalyptus smoke. The EEG was used to analyze sleep quality and architecture and determine sleep staging. The blood pressure trace was used to analyze blood pressure and derive heart rate and heart rate variability determinations

Article Snippet: Electroencephalogram (EEG) data were recorded using implantable telemetry in male and female Sprague Dawley rats to measure REM sleep prior to (8 hrs; 11:00 AM to 7:00 PM), during (1 hr; 9:30 AM to 10:30 AM), and after (8 hrs; 11:00 AM to 7:00 PM) filtered air or eucalyptus smoke exposure.

Techniques: Activity Assay

Journal: Particle and Fibre Toxicology

Article Title: Sleep disruption from inhalation of biomass smoke: a basis for coincident hypertension?

doi: 10.1186/s12989-025-00650-9

Figure Lengend Snippet: Eucalyptus smoke exposure significantly alters sleep and wake duration during exposure. Electroencephalogram (EEG) data were recorded using implantable telemetry in male and female Sprague Dawley rats to measure the polysomnography parameters rapid-eye-movement (REM) sleep, non-rapid eye movement (NREM) sleep, and wake prior to (8 h; 11:00 AM to 7:00 PM), during (1 h; 9:30 to 10:30 AM), and after (8 h; 11:00 AM to 7:00 PM) filtered air or eucalyptus smoke exposure. Data were separated by sex. The following measurements were collected: ( a ) REM duration during exposure, 5-min intervals ( b ) mean REM duration during the first 30-minutes during exposure ( c ) REM duration, post- minus pre-exposure ( d ) NREM duration during exposure, 5-min intervals ( e ) mean NREM duration during the first 30-minutes during exposure ( f ) NREM duration, post- minus- pre-exposure ( g ) wake duration during exposure, 5-min intervals ( h ) mean wake duration during the first 30-minutes during exposure and ( i ) wake duration, post- minus pre-exposure. Data are mean ± SEM and were analyzed by a generalized linear mixed model for figures (a, c, d, f, g, and I), or by unpaired Student’s t-test (figures b, e and h.). Data during exposure are reported in 5-min intervals; percent change data after exposure are reported in 1-hr intervals. * p < 0.05, ** p < 0.01. n = 8 per group

Article Snippet: Electroencephalogram (EEG) data were recorded using implantable telemetry in male and female Sprague Dawley rats to measure REM sleep prior to (8 hrs; 11:00 AM to 7:00 PM), during (1 hr; 9:30 AM to 10:30 AM), and after (8 hrs; 11:00 AM to 7:00 PM) filtered air or eucalyptus smoke exposure.

Techniques:

Journal: Particle and Fibre Toxicology

Article Title: Sleep disruption from inhalation of biomass smoke: a basis for coincident hypertension?

doi: 10.1186/s12989-025-00650-9

Figure Lengend Snippet: Eucalyptus smoke exposure significantly impacts rapid-eye-movement (REM) sleep in males. Electroencephalogram (EEG) data were recorded using implantable telemetry in male and female Sprague Dawley rats to measure REM sleep prior to (8 hrs; 11:00 AM to 7:00 PM), during (1 hr; 9:30 AM to 10:30 AM), and after (8 hrs; 11:00 AM to 7:00 PM) filtered air or eucalyptus smoke exposure. Data were separated by sex. The following measurements were collected: (a) Total REM bouts during exposure (b) percent change in total REM bouts post-exposure (relative to pre-exposure) over 8 hrs (c) REM bout duration during exposure (d) percent change in REM bout duration post-exposure (relative to pre-exposure) over 8 hrs (e) total REM time during 1-hr exposure and (f) percent change in total REM time post-exposure (relative to pre-exposure) over 8 hrs. Data are mean ± SEM and were analyzed by unpaired Student’s t-test. Data during exposure are reported in 5-min intervals; percent change data after exposure are reported in 1-hr intervals. *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01. n = 8 per group

Article Snippet: Electroencephalogram (EEG) data were recorded using implantable telemetry in male and female Sprague Dawley rats to measure REM sleep prior to (8 hrs; 11:00 AM to 7:00 PM), during (1 hr; 9:30 AM to 10:30 AM), and after (8 hrs; 11:00 AM to 7:00 PM) filtered air or eucalyptus smoke exposure.

Techniques:

Journal: Particle and Fibre Toxicology

Article Title: Sleep disruption from inhalation of biomass smoke: a basis for coincident hypertension?

doi: 10.1186/s12989-025-00650-9

Figure Lengend Snippet: Eucalyptus smoke exposure significantly alters theta and alpha power. Electroencephalogram (EEG) data were recorded using implantable telemetry in male and female Sprague Dawley rats to measure polysomnography. Normalized discrete fast Fourier transform was used to evaluate spectral power for rapid-eye movement (REM) sleep, non-rapid-eye movement (NREM) sleep, and wake prior to (8 h; 11:00 AM to 7:00 PM), during (1 h; 9:30 to 10:30 AM), and after (8 h; 11:00 AM to 7:00 PM) filtered air or eucalyptus smoke exposure. Data were separated by sex. The following measurements were collected: ( a ) female REM spectral power during exposure (Note: not enough REM data in males to allow for REM spectral analysis) ( b ) NREM spectral power during exposure ( c ) Wake spectral power during exposure ( d ) female theta power, 4–8 Hz during exposure ( e ) delta power, 0.5–4 Hz during exposure ( f ) alpha power, 8–12 Hz during exposure ( g ) percent change post-exposure (relative to pre-exposure) in REM theta power ( h ) percent change post-exposure (relative to pre-exposure) in NREM delta power ( i ) percent change post-exposure (relative to pre-exposure) in wake alpha power. Data are mean ± SEM and analyzed by two-way repeated measures ANOVA with Šídák’s multiple comparisons test. Data during exposure are reported are reported for each frequency ; percent change data after exposure are also reported for each frequency . * p < 0.05, ** p < 0.01, **** p < 0.0001. n = 8 per group

Article Snippet: Electroencephalogram (EEG) data were recorded using implantable telemetry in male and female Sprague Dawley rats to measure REM sleep prior to (8 hrs; 11:00 AM to 7:00 PM), during (1 hr; 9:30 AM to 10:30 AM), and after (8 hrs; 11:00 AM to 7:00 PM) filtered air or eucalyptus smoke exposure.

Techniques: